1. Coppite ci glusid yi ci diirumasin extrusion ñam
Carbohydrate mooy li gëna am solo ci ñam, lu ci gëna bari 60 ba 70% ci ñam, moo tax mooy li gëna am solo ci màndarga yi ci feed extrude. Carbohydrates mën nañu ko xaaj ci biir amidon, fibre, hydrocoloid ak suukër buñu sukkandikoo ci seen diisaayu molecule, seen structure ak seeni màndarga yu am solo. Seen coppite ak seen liggéey ci wàllu extrusion wuute nañu (Xu Xueming, 1995).
1) Tabbu ci ñaari vis yi ñuy génne ci ñam yi mën na tax ñu am 1 ba 4 glycosidic lëkkaloo ci molecul yi ci biir molecul yi ngir defar produit yu ndaw yu melni glucose, maltariose, maltotriose ak maltodexe, mu jur wàññeeku ci produit bi ci produit bi génn. Waaye, li gëna am solo ci extrusion bi ci am ci am mooy gëna dooleel cleavage hydrogène bi ak gelatine bi. Géewn bi am ci amidon dafay tax ñu mëna faj extrusion bi du yam ci yokk ñam wi, waaye dafay yombal granulation bi ci feed bi, loolu mooy gëna baaxal kalite ñam wi.
2) Fibre yi fiber yi ñooy selulose, hemilikelulose, ak lignin, ñoom ñooy nekk fillers ci ñam. Rëyaayu mbir yu wuute yi ak anam yi fibre yu bees yi ñuy jëfandikoo ngir extrusion ak extrusion, literature biy wax ci coppite ci limu fibres yi ci diiru extrusion, dañu ko xamle bu baax. Fornal et al. bi ñu jàngat ci génnug buckwheat ak orge, Wang ak ay naataangoom ci blé ak blé brain dañu wane ni bariwaayu fibre ginaaw bi ñu yokkee, waaye Bjorck (1984) ak Ostergard (1989) dañu bàyyi seen xel ci farine ble bi yépp ak ble bi yépp. Resultaa yi bawoo ci jàngat extrusion bi ci farine ble bi, ñoom ñoo wuute ak li ñu wax ci kaw; ci Silijestron (1986) ak Schweizer (1986), dañu gëm ni fibre u ble bi yépp du soppeeku ci diiru extrusion. Waaye, li gëstu bi am ci coppite kalite fibre ci diiru extrusion dafay méngoo, loolu dafay wane ni bariwaayu fibre biy seey dafay gëna yokk ginaaw bi ñu génnee, te yokkute gi ci 3%. Wang ak liggéeyandoo yi wuute nañu ci anam yu wuute. Resultaa yi bawoo ci coppite fibre ginaaw squash blé ak extrusion blé ble. Loolu mooy waral tàngoor wu metti, pression bu kawe ak cis cis ci biir extrusion bi, loolu mooy waral valence valence, cleavage moleculaire ak coppite ci polarite moleculaire. Bi fibre regime bi di seey amna njeexital ci wàllu physiologie ci wérgi-yaramu nit (Gordon, R. Huber, 1991; Cummings, JH, 1978.), amul benn sikki sakka, mën nañu ni xeetu produit bu baax la ci extrusion, waaye ndax noonu la baayima yi di demee. Njariñu mbàq yi yépp ñu ngi ko xamle.
3) Hydrocolloids ñu ngi koy gëna jëfandikoo ngir defar extrusion aquafeeds. Dañuy faral di am hydrokoloid yu melni arab arab, pectine, agar, carrageenan, ak sodium alginate. Seen mën mën defar gel yi dina ñu gëna wàññeeku ginaaw extrusion. Màndarga hydrophilic ci diiru extrusion dina am njeexital ci anam yi ñuy jëlee extrusion, wàññi evaporasioŋ ndox mi ak limu produit yi ñuy génne ci ndox mi, ba noppi gëna baaxal màndarga yi ci produit bi. Ngir benn produit, facteur yu melni viskosite, gelation, emulsif, hydratation, dispersibilite, gémmiñu liggéey, dayo particule, ak balluwaayi macceer yi dañu leen di xoolaat bu baax sooy tànn colloïde hydrophilic.
masinu toggu jënu jënu jën, masinu feedu jën, masinu ñamu jën.